玛瑙

 　　manaofeiyufeishi，zichengyilei，shifojiaqibaozhiyi，yinqisecaifengfu、pinzhongfanduoerbeishourenmenxiai。manaoyoubantouminghuobutoumingde，changyongyuxiangqianshoushihediaokegongyipindeyizhongbaoshi，youchangyongzuoshiwuhuowanshangyong，gudaipeizangwuzhongchangkejiandaochengchuandemanaoqiu。

　　什么是玛瑙

　　manao，yingwenmingcheng：agate，shiyusuileikuangwudeyizhong，jingchangshihunyoudanbaishiheyinjingzhishiyingdewendaizhuangkuaiti，yingdu7-7.5du，bizhong2.65，secaixiangdangyoucengci。manaoshiyizhongbudingxingzhuangdekuangshi，tongchangyouhong、hei、huang、lv、lan、zi、huidenggezhongyanse，erqieyibandouhuijuyougezhongbutongyansedecengzhuangjiyuanxingtiaowenhuandai，leisiyushumudenianlun。lan、zi、lvmanaojiaogaodangxiyou，youming“yusui”。

　　玛瑙的文化

　　manaozigubeishiweimeili、xingfu、jixiang、fuguidexiangzheng，yinqijianjuguili、jianying、xiyousandatezheng，congerrongying“yushi”guiguan。manaochuanshuoaihemeidenvshenafoluodi，tangzaishuyinxiashushuishi，tadeerziaisheneluosi，toutoudebatashanshanfaguangdezhijiajianxialai，binghuantianxidinazhezhijiafeishangletiankong。feidaokongzhongdeeluosi，yibuxiaoxinbazhijianongdiaole，erdiaoluodaodishangdezhijiabianchengleshitou，jiushimanao。yinciyourenrenweiyongyoumanao，keyiqianghuaaiqing，diaozhengzijiyuairenzhijiandeganqing。zairibendeshenhuazhong，yuzuzhimingyumingxianjitianzhaodashende，jiushiyikuaiyueyaxingdelvmanao，zheiyeshiribensanzhongshenqizhiyi。《taipingguangji》zhongyiyou“manao，guixuesuohuaye。”jimanaozengtianlejifenqiguizhise。

　　youyugudaimanaonengshirenyinshendechuanshuo，shimanaojiqiannianlaibeishourenmendetuichongheaidai。yinweimanaomeilidewaibiaohejianrendezhidi，renmenbatazuochengzhuangshipinheshiyongpin。manaoshi《shengjing》zhongjizaide “huozhishi”zhiyi(《jiuyue》)。《shengjing》zhongyoubamanaozengyujimoxihezaiyalunxiongjiashangpeidaidejizai(《chuaijiji》)。manaojuyouzhiliaoshimian、tianmengchenqin、bihuochuxie、jiantiqiangshen、yannianyishouzhigongxiao，renmenduicishenxinbuyi。

　　玛瑙的物理化学性质

　　zhuyaochengfenweieryanghuagui，youyuyushuihuaeryanghuagui(guisuan)jiaotierchangzhongfuchengceng。yinqijiazayanghuajinshu，yansekecongjidanseyizhianse。yongtie、gu、niedengyanlei，rentamenziranshentouyuguisuanningjiaozhong，nengrengongzhicheng"manao"，tianranmanaokenengyishizaixiangsiqingxingxiashengchengde。manaoyibanweibantoumingdaobutouming，yingdu6.5zhi7du，bizhong2.55zhi2.91，zheguanglv1.535zhi1.539。

　　玛瑙的作用

　　manaodeyongtufeichangguangfan。takeyizuoweiyaoyong、baoshi、yuqi、faqi、shoushi、gongyipincailiao、yanmogongju、yibiaozhouchengdeng。liyongmanaojiagongzhizuodezhouchengdengbujianzaidangjinhuagong、jixie、dianziheyiqiyibiaoxingyedeyiguangfanyingyong。manaokeyongyuyankemushengzhangyizhe，yongmanaoyanmodianzhi，liaoxiaohenhao。yaoyongdemanaosuixie，shidiaozhuobaoshisuoshengxiade。daizhedaishuimanao，keyiqianghuaqinheli，nenggoulinghuoyingbian，bamianlinglong，youzhushiyechengzhang，caiyuanwangsheng。manaokegaishanneifenmi，jiaqiangxueyexunhuan，rangqisebianhao，xiaochuxingfangmiandezhangai，bimianxingwunengyubuyunchansheng，pianjusedehongmanaozekeduizhichang，weichangdouyouxiaoyong，kehuohuaneizang，yufangbianmi，bangzhupaichudusu，duiganbing、fengshi、shenjingtong、jingmaiquzhangdengdouyoushuhuandegongyong，duiyunvxing，zhangqipeidaimanaokeyishipifurunhua，xinqingkailang，xueyexunhuanzengqiang，shizuichunhongrun，yanzhumingliangyoushen。manaokeyiweiyixiedeshuijingshipinlaixiaocichongdian，rujiezhi、zhuizi、erhuan、shouliandeng，danqingyongzhihuobubaozhu，yimianbeiguashang。

　　玛瑙的鉴别

　　yanse：zhenmanaosezexianmingguangliang，jiamanaodeseheguangjunchayixie，erzheduibijiaoweimingxian。

　　zhidi：jiamanaoduoweishiliaofangzhi，jiaozhenmanaozhidiruan，yongyuzaijiamanaoshangkehuachuhenji，erzhenpinzehuabuchu。congbiaomianshangkan，zhenmanaoshaoyouxiaci，liezhizejiaoduo。

　　gongyizhiliang：youzhigaomanaodeshengchangongyiyangeqiexianjin，gubiaomianguangliangduhao，xiangqianlaogu、zhouzheng，wuhuahen、liewen。

　　jibie：shuidanmanaoshimanaozhongzuiweizhenguidepinzhong，tezhengshimanaozhongyoufengbidekongdongqizhonghanyoushui。ziransezhuyaoyouhongse、huposehebaise。qizhong，yihongseweizuihao。

　　玛瑙的评价

　　zaipingjiamanaoyuanliaojiqizhipinshi，guanjianzaiyuyanseshifouzheng，zaiyansezhongyihong、chansihong、dahong、jiehongweishangpin，anhong、zihongweixiase。zaipingjiayuanliaoshi，zaimanaozhongyou2zhongyishangdeyanseweishangdengliao，youdemanaoyou5zhongyishangdeyansehuojizhongbutongdesediao，zheidoushikezuoqiaoseshejidehaoliao。zaipingjiamanaozuopinshi，chuyanse、qiaoseliyongwai，gongyi、shejiyezhanyouhendadebizhong。haodezuopinshejigousiqiaomiao，gongyijingzhan，paoguanghao。

　　玛瑙的产地

　　manaozhuyaochanyuhenan、hubei、anhui、jiangsu、shanxi、gansu、sichuan、yunnan、zhejiang、taiwan、xinjiang、liaoningdengdi。shijieshangmanaozhumingchandiyou：zhongguo、yindu、baxi、meiguo、aiji、aodaliya、moxigedengguo。moxige、meiguohenamibiyahaichanyouhuabianzhuangwendaidemanao，chengwei“huabianmanao”。meiguohuangshigongyuan、huaiemingzhoujimengdanazhouhaichanyou“fengjingmanao”。woguomanaochandifenbuyehenguangfan，jihugeshengdouyou，zhumingchandiyou：yunnan、heilongjiang、liaoning、hebei、xinjiang、ningxia、neimenggudeng。