世界钻石资源与产地　

　　全世界钻石的储量和生产概况：

　　muqian，yitanmingtianranzuanshichuliangdayueyou2.5yikela，qizhongaodaliya6.5yikela，zhayier5.5yikela。anmuqiankaicaishuipingxianyouzuanshichuliangzhinengkaicai25nian，dansuizhaokuangkejishuipingdetigao，meiniandoufaxianyouxindekuangqu，jinjinianjianadazuanshichuliangmingxianzengjia。

　　自从钻石开采以来，共采出钻石350吨左右，既17.5亿克拉，现在全世界每年开采钻石zai9000wan-1yikela，qizhongbaoshijizhan17%-20%。20%baoshijizuanshijiazhixiangdangyu80%gongyejijingangshijiazhide5bei。

　　1、出产钻石的国家

　　shijiegedijunyouzuanshichanchu，yiyousanshiduogeguojiayongyouzuanshiziyuan，nianchanliangyiyikelazuoyou。chanliangqianwuweideguojiashiaodaliya、zhayier、bociwana、eluosi、nanfei。zheiwugeguojiadezuanshichanliangzhanquanshijiezuanshichanliangde90%zuoyou。qitachanzuanshideguojiayougangguo(jin)、 baxi、guiyanei、weineiruila、angela、zhongfei、jiana、jineiya、xiangyahaian、libiliya、namibiya、sailaliang、tansangniya、jinbabuwei、yindunixiya、yindu、zhongguo、jianadadeng。

　　zhongguodejingangshitanmingchulianghechanliangjunjushijiedi10mingzuoyou，nianchanliangzai20wankela，zuanshizhuyaozailiaoningwafangdian、shandongmengyinhehunanyuanjiangliuyu，qizhongliaoningwafangdianshimuqianyazhouzuidadejingangshikuangshan。

　　2、出产最好钻石的国家

　　duiyuzuanshidemaopihebaoshijizuanshisuozhanbililaishuo，zuihaodezuanshilaiziyunamibiyachongjikuangchuangzhongkaicaichulaidezuanshi。zheixiezuanshijinglideziranfenghuabanyundaohaibian，luchengzhangda 1000yingli。jingguozheiduanlvchengzuanshizhongcuiruobufendoufenli。zaitedingchenjihuanjingzhongzuanshianbutonglijibutongxingzhuangyidingguilvfenbuyuyancengzhong。gaikuangqubaoshijizuanshiyingzhongzuigaodadao97%。duiqiemohaodezuanshijiemian，hennanfenbianchuchanzinageguojiahekuangqu。

　　任何矿区产出的钻石douyouhao、zhong、cha。nakuangquzhongzuihaodezuanshiyunamibiyachanchuzuichadezuanshibi，namibiyachongjikuangchuangdezuanshiyebuyidingjiuhao。

　　3、钻石产地的变迁

　　yindushishijieshangzuizaofaxianzuanshideguojia，3000nianqian，yindushizuanshideweiyichandi。zi2500nianqianzhi18shijichuyindukelixinahe、pengnahejiqizhiliushishijieweiyichanchuzuanshidedifang，lishishangxuduozhumingzuanshiruguangmingzhishan(kohi-noor)、aoerluofu(orloff)hedamowoer(great mogul)doulaiziyindu，danmuqianyindudezuanshichanlianghenxiao。

　　zhi1725nianbaxizuanshidefaxianjikaicai，shibaxiqudaiyindu，chengweidangshiquanqiuzuanshidezuizhongyaochandi。

　　1867nianyihou，nanfeifaxianlechongjishakuangchuanghedaliangyuanshengjinboliyantongshidenanfeichengweishijieshangzuizhongyaodezuanshishengchanguo，qichanliangzhangqichuyushijieqianlie，bingyoucikaichuanglezuanshiyedexinjiyuan。1905nian，zainanfeiazhashiyafaxianleshijieshangzuidadejinboliyanyantong—puliemieryantong，bingzaicifaxianzuidadezuanshi(kulinanzuanshi)。muqian，nanfeiyongyoushijieshangchanliangzuida、qiezuixiandaihuadeweinidiyazuanshikuang。nanfeizuanshikelida，pinzhiyou，50%dejingangshijunshikeqiegede，qichanliangsuibujiaodaliyadengguo，danchanzhiyizhijushijieqianlie。

　　zi1979nianaodaliyaxibufaxianjiameibanyanzhonghanyoujingangshiqi，zhi1986nian，aodaliyadejingangshichanliangyijubazhudiwei，danbaoshijijinzhanqichanliangde5%。aodaliyazuanshizhuyaofenbuxiaoxinnanweiersidebingarahecopeton，youqishiagaier(argle)kuangchuangchuliangwei5.5yikela。

　　bociwanashengchanyouzhijingangshi，baoshijizhan50%，qichanzhijushijieshouwei。bociwanadezuanshilaizilutiankaicaidejinboliyan，judadekuangshanyouorapayantong(1967 nian)、letihakenayantong(1977nian)hejwanengzuankuang(1982nian)，sangekuangdezongchanliangzai1989nianchaoguo1500wankela。

　　eluosidezuanshizhuyaofenbuzaixiboliyazhongbuyakutediqu，gaiquzhaodaoyouyibaiduogehanjingangshijinboliyantong，1988nian，eluosizaikaojinouzhoufujinyouzhaodaoxindezuanshikuang。muqian，eluosizuanshichanliangzai1200wankelazuoyou，yibanweibaoshiji。duonianlaieluosixingchengledulidezuanshikaicaijiagongxiaoshoutixi，qizuanshishuliangda、zhiliangyou、junyunxinghao，zaishichangshangjuyouhenqiangdejingzhengli。

　　qianjinianbaodaojianadabeibudiqufaxiandaliangjinboliyan，jinianhouzuanshichanliangkezhanquanshijiechanliangde10%。

　　4、世界上第一座钻石矿

　　1871年7月16日，坚持向深处挖掘的库力斯堡合伙采掘队获得了成功，他们在占据的几十平方米的土地上，一直往深处挖掘，在这一天终于找到了他们梦寐以求的钻石。quanshijiediyizuozuanshikuangyejiudanshengle。mingming“kulisibaokuang”yejiao“xinrechaokuang”。

　　5、南非的钻石矿

　　tidaozuanshirenmenwangzhujiuhuixiangdaonanfei。nanfeichanchudezuanshisuyikelida，zhiliangjiaerzhuming。congkuangshankaicaichulaidezuanshiyingzhongmaopeizhongyou50%keyidadaobaoshiji。wushijinianqian，nanfeidezuanshichanliangjushijieshouwei，suoyichangyougukehuiwen“zheikeshinanfeizuanshima?”suizheshijiandetuiyi，nanfeidezuanshichanliangzhunianjianshao。1987niannanfeizuanshichanliangwei1000wankelashishijiezongchanliangde10%zuoyou。

　　6、最大单粒钻石产地

　　1905nianzainanfeipuliemierkuang，faxianzhong3106kelajuxingdazuan，dingmingwei“kulinan”，1919nianzaigaikuangquyouzhaodaoyikuaizhong1500kelazuanshi，antadexingzhuang，yanse、fanfuduibiyanjiuhouquedingtayinggaiyukulinanweitongyijingti，suoyimeiyoumingming，ruguomeiyouliekaichengweierkuaidehua，kulinanzhongliangdaoshaozai4606kelayishang。1980nianzaigaikuangquyoufaxiandisankedazuanzhong599kela。nanfeipuliemierkuangweishijiegongrendejuxingzuanshidechandi。