苏联钻魔星石 钻石的本尊还是分身?

　　zuanshiyinweixiangzhengzheyonghengdeaiyizhibeirenmendangzuoshiaidexinwuyuxuanyan，henduonvrendoudibuzhutadecuicanguangmanghemiliantadeaiqingyuyi，wuyixiweigui，shouzhuipengdezuanshiyiweixiyouerjiagebufei，henduorenduizuanshijiagedouwangchenmoji。shichangshanggezhongmaosizuanshidetidaipingengshicengchubuqiong，xiaofeizheyidingtingguonanfeizuan、sulianzuan、moxingzuan、ruishizuan、taiguozuan、aozhoushuizuan、jingzuan……，neime，zheimeduode“zuan”shibushijiushiwomenyibanrenrenzhidediamond〈jingangzuan〉ni?

　　huashuozuanshitidaipindechuxianshizaizuanshidepubianshoudaoxiaiyurijianliuxingzhihou。zuizaodetidaipinchuxianzaiwenyifuxingshiqi，jiangboliyushiying〈rock quartz〉xiangjiehezhizuoerchengdewuseboli，dangshichengzheizhongzhichengpinwei〝crystal〞。zhidaoshibashijizheiyangdebolizhichengpinyinzhizuofangshigailiangyuhuaxueyuansuqian〈lead〉dejiarueryouxianzhudegaibian，shideyuanbenpingdanwuqidebolizengtianleguangzeyuliangguang。xianjinliuxingshipinpubianshiyongzheiyangdegaoqianboli，eryijiuyong〝shuijing〞〈crystal〉xingrong，shenzhihaiyouguojizhimingpinpaiyizheizhonggaoqianboliyi〝shuijing〞zhimingchengbazhubaoshipinyujingpinye。

　　钻石替代品的兴替

　　shijiushijimozhiershishijichuchuxiandexintidaipinshibolijiacengshiliushi，guanbushiwuseshiliushi，dibuzeshiwuseboli，guanbudewuseshiliushishizengqiangjianguxing。shijiandaole1930niandai，hechengwusegangyu〈synthetic corundum〉yijihechengjianjingshi〈synthetic spinel〉dechanzhiyinweiyouzhegenggaodeyingduergengshiyongyuzhubaoshipinshang。

　　hechengjinhongshi〈synthetic rutile〉deshangyeliangchanshiyugongyuan1948nian，sitaishi〈strontium titanate〉zeshiyu1953nianwenshi，zheiliangzhongtidaipindoushiyongweiniuer〈verneuil process〉hechengzhifazhizuoercheng。xiangjiaoyuzhiqiandetidaipinzheilianggehechengpindeguangzegengjiejinzhenshidezuanshi，tamendegaosesanguangxuexiaoyingbixianqiandetidaipingengmiren，danshiweiyidequedianjiushiyingduzhiyou6。

　　zhidao1960niandaiyinweijiguangjishudeyunyongeryouyag〈yttrium aluminate〉dechanchu，yagdeyingduyou8，zheshelvshi1.83，sesanzeshi0.026，jiuyigefangmiantiaojianlaikandoubizhiqianderenheyigetidaipinyaojiejinzuanshi，yushipubianbeishiyongzaizhubaoshipinshang，dangshizuichangjiandejiushiyagbeimofangqiechenghejuxingyilisabaisuoyongyoudeyike69.42kelashuidixingzuanshiyiyang。yagyizhipubianbeizhubaoshichangshiyongbingqieshangrenyiduozhongbutongmingchengcuxiaozhidao1980niandai。yagwenzuozuanshitidaipindelongtoubaozuozhangdaershinian，zaicitongshi，qitaxuduohechengzhipinshituxiangyaodabaiyagchengbadoubukede!

　　不是钻石的苏联钻

　　1974nianyigegemingxingdetidaipincz〈cubic zirconiumhechengeryanghuagaoshi;suchengsulianzuan〉wenshi，bingqiezai1975nianqianhoujixiayagdengshangzuanshitidaipindelongtoubaozuozhangdaer、sanshinianzhijiu。czdezheshelv2.150feichangjiejinzuanshide2.417，sesan0.060zejiaozuanshide0.044shaogao，zheishiweishenmehezuanshibiqilaiczhuixianxianbijiaoduodeqicai〈taiwanzhubaoyejiechengdehuoguang〉guangxuexiaoying。czdeyingduyou8-1/2yincizaipeidaishangburongyiyinweipeidaizhededayiershousun，zheizhongzhongdoushiczkeyichengbazheimejiudeyuanyin。zuijindianshigouwutaifanmaidedejingzuanqishizhidejiushisulianzuan，yejiushirenzaodehechengeryanghuagaoshidelingwaiyigesucheng。

　　钻石碳针无法辨识的魔星石

　　niyexutingguomoxingshi、moxingzuan、mosangshi，qishitamenzhideshitongyizhongdongxi，neijiushimoissanite〈tanguishi〉，tanguishigumingsiyitadehuaxuechengfenshitanhegui，shishiyanshipeiyuxiadechanwu，yinweigezhongwuli、huaxue、guangxuexiaoyinggengjiejinzhenshidezuanshi，xianzaiyijingqudaiczerchengweitianranzuanshidetouhao〝fenshen〞。

　　sucheng“moxingshi”，zicongtashangshiyilai，yijingrangxuduoxuebuzhuanjingdezhubaocongyerenyuanzailegendou，shenzhiyinweimeitingguozheiwanyier，lianzijifanlecuodoubuzizhi。yaozhengquefenbiantanguishihetianranzuanshidebutong，duishouguowanzhengxunliandezhubaoxuejiaeryan，touguogezhongyiqidejiance，keyihaowukunnandefenbianchu“benzun”he“fenshen”degexiangchayi：

　　danshitebiezhidetichulaideshi，zaimoissaniteshangweichuxianyiqian，zuanshitanzhen﹝diamond tester﹞benshijiancezuanshizuikuaierzhunquedegongju，erxianzaitayezhiyourenshule，yinweimoissanitededaorexing﹝sanrexing﹞yejigao，zaizuanshitanzhenxiachengxianzuanshifanying，suoyishenweixiaofeizhedeniyaotebieliuyile，xiacishouhuoxianshengxiaojiegaosuni〝fangxingoumai，yijingyongzuanshitanzhenceshiguo〞deshihou，kebiewangleneige“fenshen”zhengzaineiertouxiaoli!eryaofenbianzuanshiyutanguishiyaoshiyongyizhongjiaozuotanguishitanceji〈moissanite tester〉jiukeyiqingsongfenbianchushenmeshizuanshi，shenmeshitanguishi。

　　无色锆石成为新宠

　　zuijinliangsannianzhubaoyejiedaliangshiyongwusegaoshi〈zircon〉dangzuozuanshidetidaipin，womenshenzhikanjianshijiezhimingpinpaizhubaogongsinagaoshidangpeishixiangqianzaizhubaoshipinshang，zheishiyinweigaoshiyouzhejiejin2degaozheshelv，bingqieyoushitianranbaoshi，tianrandeshenfenzongshirangxiaofeizheduoyifenzhenxi。

　　hechengzuanshiyizhiyilaitiaozhanzhezhubaojiandingrenyuan，yishanggezhongtidaipinwulunzaizenmexiangtianranzuanshidoubujihechengzuanshi，yinweihechengzuanshidewuli、huaxue、guangxuetexinghetianranzuanshiyimoyiyang，zhubaojidehechengzuanshiyeyijingwenshi，xiaofeizheyouduoleyizhongxuanze，shifuqi、haishigengduodegongkeyaozuo，yibimiansunshi，qishishizhubaoyehexiaofeizhegongtongyinggainulide。