钻石有什么特点|钻石的基本特性

 　　zuanshishizuijianyingdebaoshi，yinqichunbaidewaiguanhetouchudecuicanguangmangbeirenmenfengweiaiqingdeshengwu，zuanshiyounaxietedian?woaizuanshiwangjiucongzuanshiqiyuanhexingchengweidajiayiyijiexiao。

　　一、钻石起源

　　yingwenzhongzuanshiyicixiezuo“diamond”，yuanyuxilawen“adamas”，yisishibukezhengfu。jibainianlai，chunjing、cuican、jianbukecuidezuanshiyujinshengyongbubiandeaiqingbeirenmenlianxizaiyiqi，bazuanshizuoweibiaodaaiyidezuijialiwu。zuanshijiezhizuoweidingqingxinwu，keyizhuisudao1477nian，aodilidemakeximiliansongjifaguoboliangdidemaligongzhuyizhizuanjie，congcikaichuanglezengsongzuanshidinghunjiezhidechuantong。danshi，weishenmedoubazuanshidaizaizuoshou?youweishenmedaizaiwumingzhishangni?xinfengjidujiaozhexiangxinzheishiyuanzizaihunliyishishang，mushishounajiezhianshunxuqingchuxinrendezuoshou，bingshuo：“fengshengfu、shengzi、shenglingzhiming”，zuihoujiezhiluozaizuoshoudedisigeshouzhi——wumingzhishang，yincixingchengzheiyichuantong。

　　二、钻石的形成

　　zuanshishishijieshangzuijianying、chengfenzuijiandandebaoshi，tashiyoutanyuansuzucheng、juyoulifangjiegoudetianranjingti。qichengfenyuwomenchangjiandemei、qianbixinjitangdechengfenjibenxiangtong，tanyuansuzaijiaogaodewendu、yalixia，jiejingxingchengshimo(heise)，erzaigaowen、jigaoyajihaiyuanhuanjing(tongsulaishuojiushiyizhongqueyangdehuanjing)zhongzejiejingchengzhenguidezuanshi(baise)。zuanshidexingchengtiaojianyibanweiyalizai4.5-6.0gpa(xiangdangyu150-200km)deshendu，wenduwei900-1300sheshidu。dabufenzuanshizhuyaoxingchengyu33yinianqianyiji12-17yinianzheilianggeshiqi。lingwai，diwaixingtiduidiqiudezhuangji，chanshengshunjiandegaowen、gaoya，yekexingchengzuanshi，buguozheizhongzuoyongxingchengdezuanshibingwujingjijiazhi。

　　xishaodezuanshizhuyaochuxianyuliangleiyanshizhong，yileishiganlanyanlei，yileishiliuhuiyanlei，danjinqianzhejuyoujingjiyiyi。hanzuanshideganlanyan，muqianweizhifaxiandeyouliangzhongleixing：jinboliyanhejiameihuangbanyan，zheiliangzhongyanshijunshiyouhuoshanpenfazuoyongchanshengde。

　　三、钻石出产的国家和地区

　　1730nianqian，yindushiquanshijieweiyichuchanzuanshideguojia，shijiushijihouqinanfeizuankuangdefaxianyukaicai，bazuanshigongyedaijinlexiandaihuashidai。youyuhanzuanshidezheileijinboliyanhejiameihuangbanyanzaidiqiubiaomianfenbujiqixishao，xunzhaozuanshikuangzangshiyixiangjiqijianjueryoufengxianxingjidadetouzi，diqiudeludimianjiyouyue1.4yipingfanggongli，erjinboliyanguandepingjunbiaomianjijin0.05pingfanggongli。qizhimuqian，quanshijieyifaxiandejinboliyanguan(mai)youjinyiwantiao，danqizhongjinbudao0.5%deyanguankejiankuangshanjinxingzuanshikaicai。tongshizuanshikuangdekaicaiyeshiyixiangtouzijudadegongcheng，xujingguodizhixuejiadekantan、pinggujingjixuejiadekexuejisuan，cainengquedingkuangshandejiazhi，pingjunlaishuoyaokaicai250dunkuangshicainengdedaoyikeyikeladezuanshi。

　　muqianzuanshizaishijieshangsidazhoudeershiduogeguojiayoufaxian，qizhuyaochandibaokuo：aodaliya、zhayier、bociwana、eluosi、nanfei、angela、namibiya、baxi、zhongguo。

　　zhongguozuankuangdekaifayouzhejiaozhangdelishi，zhongguoxianhouzaishandong、hunan、guizhou、guangxi、jiangsu、liaoningdengdikaizhanzuanshizhaokuanggongzuo，meiniankaicaizuanshizai10wankelayishang，zaiyazhouzhanshouwei。

　　四、南非钻质量更好的误区

　　zhongguodaludexiaofeizhetongchangrenwei：“nanfeizuanshishihaozuanshi”，zheiyangelaishuoshibuzhunquede。bukefouren，nanfeichanchudezuanshisuyikelida，zhiliangjiaerzhuming，congkuangshankaicaichulaidezuanshiyingzhongmaopeizhongyou50%keyidadaobaoshiji，shijieshangdehenduomingzuandoushinanfeikaicaide。buguoshijishangshijiegedisuoshengchandezuanshiyouzhilianghaode、yeyouzhiliangbutaihaode，bukeyigaierlun。panduanyikezuanshidejiazhibunengyichandilun，eryingyijujutizuanshibenshendepinzhi——jizuanshideyanse、jingdu、qiegonghekelazhonglianglaipanduan。erqiemouyigekuangshanchuchandezuanshibingwubiaozhi，congmuqiandeqingkuanglaikan，yikezuanshicongkaicaidaodamojingguohenduogongxu， zhongjianjingshourengengshinanyijishu，suoyizuanshichandishiwucongkaozhengde。

　　五、钻石的基本特性

　　1、硬度

　　zuanshidemoshiyingduwei10，shiqijinweizhirenleisuofaxiandezuiyingdetianranwuzhi。yuqitabaoshixiangbi，zuanshixiangzaishoushishang，gengnengdikangyiqiewuzhiduitademosun、huashang，yincizuanshiyidanyongyou，biankeshidailiuchuan，yinweizuanshiyongbumosun，changdaichangxin。

　　2、韧度

　　zuanshijuyoujiaogaorendu，dantadebianlengqueshibijiaocuide，yincipeidaishiyingbimianpengzhuang。

　　3、比重

　　zuanshidebizhongwei3.52ke/lifanglimi，zuanshidebizhongbiyibanbaoshidouda，jiyiweizhetadeyuanziduijidegengjinmi。

　　4、热导率

　　zuanshishiyizhiwuzhizhongchuandaoredenenglizuiqiangdewuzhi，zheiyixingzhishizuanshizaihangkonggongyeheweidianzigongyezhongdedaoguangfanshiyong。

　　5、热膨胀率

　　zuanshiderepengzhanglvhendi，buhuiyinwendudebianhuaeryoumingxianderezhanglengsuoxianxiang。

　　6、折射率

　　zuanshidezheshelv2.417，shisuoyoutianranwusebaoshizhongzuigaode，shiguangxianjinruzuanshihouxiangzhongxinjuhe。

　　7、色散率

　　zuanshidesesanlvgao，wei0.044。zheiyeshisuoyoutianranwusebaoshizhizui。zuanshiyinqinengjiangbaiguangfensanchengguangpushidecaihongyanseerjubeizheiyixingzhi。

　　8、光泽

　　guangzeyuzheshelvxiangguan，shiwutibiaomianfansheguangxianshisuobiaoxianchudetedian。zuanshiweidianxingdejingangguangze，zheishidezuanshijingqiemohoujuyoujiqiyaoyandeguangze。

　　9、亲油性

　　zuanshibiaomianhenrongyizhanyou，juyouqiangliedeqinyouxing。

　　10、duihuaxueyaopindefanying

　　zuanshijuyouhengaodehuaxuewendingxing，suan、jianjiyibanhuaxueyaopinduitabuqizuoyong。