二十五种珠宝玉石鉴定九大元素

 　　世界已发现的宝石有二百多种，要想较快 地掌握这么多矿物的特点确是一件不容易 的事，好在自然界重要的珠宝原石品种总 数或珠宝市场上首饰baoshizhongleiweiershiwuzhong zuoyou。yinci，chuxuezhezhiyaojizhuzheiershiwuzhong baoshikuangwudejianbietedianjiqixianghujiandequbie， jiukeshengrenjianbiegongzuole。

　　dangjianbiezheshouzhongnadaoyikuaiweizhizhubaoshi，zhiyao xixinanyixiajiandingbuzhouquguancha，biankejiangyixie kuangwudefanweisuoxiao，zuihoudechuyigezhengquedekuang wumingcheng。

　　透明度和颜色

　　weilebajiandingzhexinmuzhongkenenghuaiyidekuangwumingdan zhubusuoxiao,zaiyishangershiwuzhongzuoyoudekuangwu zhong，antoumingdubatamenfenweitoumingdubatamenfen weitoumingdehebutoumingdeliangdalei;anyanseyoufen weiwuse、hong---fenhongse、lan----zise、lv se、huangse、he---chengsedengjidasebie。jianding doukegenjuweizhikuanghuochengpindetoumingduhesebie， duizhaoquchaxiangyingdejiandingbiao。liru，youliangzhongming anbutongdelvsetiaodaidebutoumingzhubao，jihuke yikendingshikongqueshi、ransemanao、ransetiaowenda lishi、lvxiankuang、bolihuosuliaozheijizhongzhiyi。 yinci，duijiandingzhelaishuo，weizhizhubaodetoumingdu heyanseshiyouteshuzhongyaoyiyide。yingdangzhuyi， zaizuorouyanguanchashifangdajinghejuguangbixingdiantongshi bukeshaode。

　　折光率

　　zheishiguancededierbu，qimudeshizaigujibeice zhubaodezheguanglvfanweihou，shikehuaiyidekuangwushu zaisuoxiao。jiandingzhekeyicongguangzedazhigujichuzhei gekuangwudezheguanglvfanwei，guangzeqiangzheguanglvyejiu yuegao。juyoujingangguangzedezhubao，qizheguanglvchao guozheguangyikeduchidezuigaofanwei(1.80);er juboliguangzezhe，qizheguanglvzai1.8---1.5zhi jian。heyizhizheguanglvdezhubaobijiao，guangzedexiang tongxingkeyihenkuaibangzhujiandingzhebaweizhizhubaoanzhe guanglvhuoguangzeguilei。juyoulazhuang、youzhiguangzede zhubao，qipaoguangmianyibanjiaocha，sijuanguangzeshuoming huoxuyouhenduodezhenzhuangbaoti。

　　颜色亮度

　　zhubaoyanseyouxianliangheandandechabie，weilejianbie mude，genjuyanseliangdurenweidifenchuliangse、zhongdeng、ansesanji。liru，chengxianlianglvsedebaoshi zhiyouzumulv、feicui、cuiliushi;ransedehuoyou chendidezuhebaoshi。dangbatoumingpingmianbaoshideping dingchaoxiafangzaibaizhishangzhuandongshi，yubaoshiyaoweiruo chuxianhonghuan，zeanshiyishiliushiweidingdeshuangzuhe jian。congshensediaodexianlanbaoshifachuhongseshanguang， keyirenweishihechengjianjingshihuoyoulianshidebianzhongtan sangshi。

　　色散

　　这一观察步骤的目的是把一些用肉眼观察 到色散强(耀眼、闪光)的珠宝及代用 品，如钻石、gaoshi、xieshi、cuiliushi、jinhong shi、hechengjinhongshi、taisaikuang(taisuansai)jimou zhongbolidengcongqitazhubaoqubiechulai。

　　解理

　　youmingxianjielidezhiyouzuanshi、tuopashi、lihuishi jizhangshi。

　　比重

　　chuxuezheyaojingchanglianxishoudianbizhong，fangfashijiangyi zhibizhongdekuangwuyongshoudianduibiweizhizhubaohekuang wu，dechuyigebizhonggujifanweideyiju。biyao shizaifangruqiadangdebizhongyezhongshice。

　　双影

　　yongrouyanhuodibeifangdajingnengjiandaobaoshiduiyingkemian xianglinjiechu(leng)youshuangying(leng)，juqiangshuangyingxingzhideyou：xieshi、gaoshi、ganlanshi、dianqishi、hechengjinhongshi。

　　硬度

　　ruobaoshichengpinjuhunyuanmianlenghepaoguangchabiezebiaoming qiyingdujiaodi。ranerhechenggangyuheyixiebiedelian jiacailiao，ruopaoguangsudutaikuai，kezaochengcidengji depaoguangzhiliang，erqiezaipaoguangguochengzhongchan sheng“re”yeshiqitezheng。

　　多色性

　　dangzhuandongbaoshishiyongrouyanbiannengkanchuduosexingdeyuan shiyoulihuishi、hongzhushi、dianqishi、gaoshi、hong baoshi、lanbaoshi、bianshi。zaihanjiandebaoshizhongze baokuozhujingshi、jinqingshi、youlianshi、lvlianshi。